It was noted during the experiment that it was impossible to produce the pattern of scrounge marks observed on the shroud across the subject's back when administering the whipping from either behind or from the side. It also became clear that the victem's arms had to be restrained away from the body.
A further test was carried out where an additional set of scrounge strokes were administered from the front of the subject, whilst he held his arms up. The pattern of scrounge marks produced now matched the marks observed on the shroud image. The model was photographed and is shown here.
The model after whipping from the front with a paint soaked flail.This pattern matches the image on the shroud.