July 1644 Charles is defeated at Battle of Marston Moor

• By Oliver Cromwell

• Cardinal Mazarin pays £16500 ransom to free Moray

• Moray sent to England to help Scots negotiate with the defeated Charles I

• Charles gives himself up to Scots at Newark, taken to Newcastle

• Scots sell Charles to Cromwell but Moray tries to help the king escape, disguised as woman. The attempt fails.

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